Xanthelasma Definition, Reason, Symptoms, Treatment & Prevention
Definition
Xanthelasma is a health disorder condition characterized by the presence of yellowish plaques, which often occur near the corners of the eyes in the middle of the eyelids. This condition is more common in the upper eyelid than the lower eyelid.
Plaque is formed from cholesterol found under the skin. This condition is not particularly dangerous. However, sometimes the xanthelasma needs to be removed for aesthetic and appearance reasons.
Xanthelasma is a type of disorder that does not occur very often. Sometimes it can occur in those who have high cholesterol or fat levels. However, there are also people with normal cholesterol levels who experience xanthelasma.
Most people who get xanthelasma are middle-aged or older. This condition is also more common in women than in men.
Xanthelasma Symptom
Xanthelasma is characterized by the presence of plaques that arise on the edges of the eyelids or around the eyes. These plaques are generally soft and appear yellowish, which are actually fatty deposits under the skin.
One symptom that can also arise is discomfort in the eyelids.
Xanthelasma Reason
About 50 percent of individuals who have xanthelasma have high cholesterol levels. The tendency for this problem to occur is higher in those who:
- Have high levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol or high bad cholesterol and low levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) or good cholesterol
- Have a family history of complaints of high cholesterol levels
- Have a liver disease called primary biliary cirrhosis, which can increase cholesterol levels in the body
- It occurs most frequently in those of Asian or Mediterranean descent.
Diagnosis
The diagnosis of xanthelasma can be determined through a detailed medical interview. A direct physical examination also needs to be done by evaluating the skin around the eyes.
Doctors can also check lipid profiles or levels of fat in the body to evaluate whether there is an increase in cholesterol and other types of fat. Examination of the lipid profile is done by taking a blood sample and examining it in the laboratory.
Xanthelasma Treatment
This plaque that appears cannot disappear by itself. Plaques can even be of a fixed size or increase over time.
If the plaque causes disturbance to the appearance or function of the body, the doctor can remove it using several methods. Methods that are carried out include drug therapy to dissolve plaque, freeze therapy, electrical therapy, or surgical procedures.
Reducing cholesterol levels is also thought to be related to improving the condition of xanthelasma. In some people, changes in lifestyle and diet can help control cholesterol levels in the blood.
To help maintain normal cholesterol levels, several things can be done, such as:
- Avoid smoking and limit alcohol intake
- Maintain body weight to remain stable and ideal
- Exercise for at least 30 minutes every day
- Limit your intake of saturated fat which is found in several types of food
- If necessary, the doctor can also prescribe certain medications to help lower cholesterol levels which are considered to be higher than normal levels.
Prevention
Although not all xanthelasma conditions are caused by excessive cholesterol levels, it is recommended that you keep your cholesterol levels within normal limits. Controlled cholesterol levels are beneficial for general health and can reduce the risk of developing xanthelasma.
Control of cholesterol levels can be done by adopting a healthy lifestyle. If the cholesterol level is high enough, immediately consult a doctor to get cholesterol-lowering medication.
Accompany this effort with the adoption of a healthy lifestyle that helps maintain stable cholesterol levels, including:
- Do physical activity regularly
- Eat foods that are low in fat, rich in fiber and contain balanced nutrition