Keratitis Definition, Reason, Symptoms, Treatment & Prevention
Definition
Keratitis is an inflammation of the cornea of the eye. The cornea itself is a clear, dome-shaped layer that is located at the front of the eye (in front of the brown part of the eye). The cornea of the eye plays an important role in the process of vision.
There are two types of keratitis, namely:
- Keratitis is not contagious. Injury to the eye can usually cause noninfectious keratitis.
- Infectious keratitis. Injury to the eye or non-infectious keratitis that is not treated properly can get worse and develop an infection that eventually turns into infectious keratitis.
Keratitis Symptoms
Apart from reduced corneal reflex, other recognizable signs of keratitis are:
- Red eye
- Eye pain
- Blurred vision
- Watery eyes
- Belekan
- Feeling glare
Keratitis Reason
Keratitis can occur due to bacterial infection or non-infectious consequences (such as dry eyes, trauma, drug toxicity, contact lens irritation, and allergies). The germs that can cause keratitis are bacteria (especially streptococci, pseudomonas, enterobacter, klebsiella, proteus, and staphylococci), viruses (for example herpes simplex and shingles), fungi (candida albicans, fusarium, aspergillus), and parasites.
The entry of germs into the eye does not mean that it always causes keratitis. The cornea of the eye becomes weak against germ attack if there has been irritation or damage that preceded it. For example trauma to the eye due to scratching, use of contact lenses that are not as recommended for use, and irritation of chemicals/liquids to the eye.
Diagnosis
Determination of the diagnosis of keratitis is based on a collection of information obtained through a series of medical interviews, physical examination by a doctor or ophthalmologist, as well as supporting examinations if needed.
In a physical examination, the doctor will look for signs that suggest keratitis. One of them is reduced corneal reflex and disruption of the corneal surface.
Keratitis Treatment
The first aid that can be done before visiting an ophthalmologist is to rest your eyes and protect your eyes so that there is no additional dust or dirt. For example by using temporary glasses.
If there is a lot of eye discharge that makes it difficult to open your eyes, you can wipe it with a soft cotton soaked in clean water. Wash your hands with soap and running water before removing this excess dirt. Avoid rubbing your eyes.
If you see signs that lead to keratitis, don’t delay to see an ophthalmologist to get help as soon as possible. Because keratitis is a sight-threatening process. In keratitis due to virulent bacteria (having strong infectious power), complete destruction of the cornea can occur completely within 24–48 hours.
Prevention
Keep your eyes clean by avoiding the habit of rubbing your eyes. If you have a profession that puts objects at risk of being scratched/thrown into your eyes (for example: welder, builder), then wear eye protection. Because scratches/entry of these objects can be the ‘entrance’ for germs that can cause keratitis.
In addition, use contact lenses properly and correctly. Before installing and removing it, first make sure your hands are clean and always wash your hands with soap and running water. Another thing to note is to use a special contact lens washing liquid (don’t use ordinary tap water). If your contact lenses are only for one day use, then don’t extend their use. Remove contact lenses before you sleep, shower or swim.