It is very important to use the correct method of spraying to prevent pests, diseases and weeds. To get better results from recommended farming chemicals, follow the following tips.
Selection of chemicals
Various chemicals are recommended for the prevention of various pests, diseases and weeds. Therefore, before selecting any chemical, it is very important to properly identify the pests, diseases and weeds of the crop so that the right chemical can be selected.
Pump and nozzle selection: Hand or battery-operated back pumps (knapsack sprayers) or tractor-operated pumps can be used to spray chemicals. To prevent weeds, use flat fans or flood jets at the time of sowing and only flat fan nozzles in standing crops. Use only cone nozzles to control pests and diseases.
Quantity of water: Apply 200 liters of water per acre at the time of sowing and 150 liters per acre for spraying fungicides in the standing crop. For disease prevention, use 200 liters of water per acre in normal conditions and for pest prevention, use 100-150 liters of water per acre. To measure water, add measured water to the spray pump and spray it in the field. After this, measure the sprayed area and calculate the required amount of water per acre in the following manner.
- Measured water quantity (litres) x 4000
- Area sprayed (sq. meter)
Preparation of solution
According to the quantity of water mentioned above, prepare chemical solution in one liter of water for the number of pumps required for spraying one acre. For example, if 150 liters of water is required and the capacity of the spray pump is 15 litres, then 10 spray pumps will be required to spray one acre. Mix the chemical required for one acre in some water and then prepare 10 liters of solution. While spraying, add 1 liter of this solution to each pump. If spraying is to be done with a tractor pump, then make the solution of the chemical as per the capacity of its tank.
Spraying Method
It is very important to pay attention to the height of the nozzle while spraying. While spraying herbicides, insecticides and fungicides on the crop, keep the height of the nozzle about 1.5 feet above the surface of the crop and at the time of sowing the crop, keep the height of the nozzle 1.5 feet above the ground so that weeds can be avoided. Spray in a straight stripe and do not rotate the nozzle while spraying.
Precautions for spraying chemicals
- Buy only agricultural chemicals with the marks recommended by the university from a trusted shopkeeper with a valid receipt.
- Always use the quantity of chemicals and time of spraying as per recommendations.
- Multi-boom nozzles can also be used for uniform spraying.
- Never spray trees against the wind. Always spray on windy days and in a straight line.
- Never spray on an empty stomach and after spraying, take bath thoroughly with soap and change clothes.
- Rinse the spray pump thoroughly from surf before and after spraying. If possible, keep separate spray pumps for insecticides and pesticides.
- Shake the farm chemical solution well before pouring it into the pump tank.
- While spraying, make sure to wear gloves, a mask, full-sleeve shirt, and pajamas.
- Never make the mistake of opening a closed nozzle by blowing it with your mouth, open it and clean it thoroughly from inside.
- Always use clean water for spray.
- If the water removal rate of a nozzle that is being used for a long time increases by 10 to 15% from the primary rate, then replace it.
- When using an electrostatic sprayer, do not raise the spray gun higher than the shoulders, and spray the nozzle tip at a height of 1 to 1.5 feet above the plant leaves.
- For spraying with an electrostatic sprayer, use only 15 liters of water per acre and never touch its nozzle.