Spasmus Nutans Definition, Reason, Symptoms, Treatment & Prevention
Definition
Spasmus nutans is a disorder that generally occurs in infants and children. This disorder is a condition in which there are rapid and uncontrollable eye movements, nodding of the head, and sometimes an abnormal position of the neck.
In most cases, spasmus nutans can begin to be observed at the age of four months to one year. This condition may subside on its own after a few months or years.
Symptom
There are several signs and symptoms of spasmus nutans. Recognizable signs can be:
- Rapid and uncontrollable eye movements, known as nystagmus.
- Head nod.
- Tilt head position.
Reason
The cause of spasmus nutans is still not known with certainty. However, this condition is often associated with several other health conditions.
Several studies have also shown a link between spasmus nutans and iron or vitamin D deficiency. In very rare cases, symptoms resembling spasms nutans can also be caused by a brain tumor or other conditions.
Diagnosis
Determining the diagnosis of spasmus nutans can be made based on detailed medical interviews, direct physical examination, and certain supporting examinations.
Several types of investigations that can be performed are computerized tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and electroretinography, which is an examination to measure the electrical response of the retina (back of the eye).
Treatment
Generally, spasmus nutans that is not accompanied by certain health conditions can subside on its own, over time. However, if spasmus nutans occur in association with other diseases, the doctor will recommend treatment that is appropriate to that health condition.
Prevention
Because the cause of spasmus nutans is still not known with certainty, there is no way that has been fully proven to be effective in preventing this condition.