Baker’s Cyst Definition, Reason, Symptoms, Treatment & Prevention
Understanding
Baker’s cyst ( Baker’s cyst ) or popliteal cyst is a cystic lump in the knee area which is a benign swelling of the knee joint pads. This swelling occurs because the knee joint fluid that is produced is pushed out, forming a bulge filled with fluid.
These cysts generally occur due to problems in the knee joint, such as arthritis. This condition makes the knee produce too much fluid to form a lump. This lump will be painful and can get worse when the knee is used to move.
This disease is basically rare. However, Baker’s cysts are more common in children aged 4–7 years and adults aged 35–70 years. The name of this cyst itself is taken from the name of the surgeon who first described this disorder, namely William Morrant Baker.
Symptom
Baker’s cysts may be painless or have certain signs that make a person aware of a problem with their knee. However, generally there are some symptoms of Baker’s cyst that can be suspected:
- Swelling behind the knee
- Pain in the back of the knee joint
- Pain or soreness after exercise and bending the knee
These symptoms will feel worse when the knee is actively moving or when you stand for a long time. If this happens and you find a lump behind the knee, see a doctor immediately.
Reason
Baker cysts are generally caused by a buildup of joint-lubricating fluid. The body basically has a lubricating fluid that functions to make it easier for the joints to move and reduce friction between the moving parts of the foot. However, in some conditions, there can be a buildup of joint-lubricating fluid, which is called synovial fluid in medical terms. This buildup of joint lubricating fluid causes a bulge to form from the joint capsule behind the knee.
Baker cysts can be caused by a variety of problems in the knee – such as rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, knee injuries, arthritis, and other knee problems. Baker cysts are also associated with inflammation of the synovium, so they can occur in inflammatory joint conditions such as osteoarthritis.
Diagnosis
The diagnosis of Baker’s cyst can be determined through a detailed medical interview and physical examination. In medical interviews, it can be found that the patient has complaints of swelling in the knee. In addition, the back of the knee will feel sore.
Meanwhile, on physical examination, it can be found that there is a decrease in movement of the knee joint and back knee which feels painful. Determining the diagnosis of Baker’s cyst can also be assisted by performing an ultrasound examination of the knee and an MRI examination.
Treatment
Baker’s cyst does not require special treatment unless it causes certain symptoms. In most cases, other disorders accompany Baker’s cyst disorders.
However, you can consult a doctor for some actions that can help you, such as:
- Rest your feet and relieve excess pressure on your feet. Pain can be reduced by applying ice packs to reduce knee swelling.
- Synovial fluid aspiration. The procedure for taking fluid or what is called fluid aspiration is carried out using a needle and injecting corticosteroids. This action can be done in a state of disturbing swelling.
- Anti-inflammatory injection
- Surgery for excision of a large popliteal cyst.
Prevention
There is no specific prevention for baker’s cyst. However, you should avoid overusing your knees. In addition, it is important to maintain an ideal body weight. That way you won’t put too much pressure on your knees.